About thalamic syndrome (dejerine roussy)

What is thalamic syndrome (dejerine roussy)?

Central pain syndrome is a neurological disorder caused by damage to the central nervous system (CNS). Common symptoms include pain and loss of sensation, usually in the face, arms and/or legs. Pain is often constant and can be mild, moderate, or severe in intensity. Affected individuals may become hypersensitive to painful stimuli. The specific type of pain experience can vary from one individual to another based, in part, upon the underlying cause of the disorder and the area of the central nervous system affected. Central pain syndrome can potentially disrupt an individual's daily routine. In severe cases, the pain can be agonizing and unrelenting and dramatically affect a person's quality of life. Central pain syndrome can develop following a variety of conditions including stroke, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, or brain tumors.

For years, it was believed that the majority of cases of central pain syndrome were due to damage of the thalamus most often caused by a stroke. The disorder was frequently referred to as thalamic pain syndrome or Dejerine-Roussy syndrome after two French neurologists who reported on the disorder in the early 1900s. In fact, to some degree central pain became synonymous with thalamic pain syndrome for many years. However, researchers now know that damage to other areas of the CNS can cause central pain syndrome, including cases following a stroke. Consequently, the preferred name for this group of disorders is central pain syndrome to acknowledge that damage to various areas of the CNS (and not predominantly the thalamus) can cause central pain and that a stroke is not necessarily the primary cause. The preferred term for the specific subtype of central pain syndrome caused by CNS damage due to a stroke is central post-stroke pain.

What are the symptoms for thalamic syndrome (dejerine roussy)?

Sensations of tingling on one side of the body symptom was found in the thalamic syndrome (dejerine roussy) condition

The most typical precursor to Thalamic Syndrome (Djerine-Roussy) is Numbness on the affected side.

  • In these situations, Numbness is replaced by stinging and Burning sensations that vary greatly in intensity from case to case.
  • Most of those cases that are recorded have severe and incapacitating symptoms.
  • Hypersensitivity can also cause Burning and tingling, typically in the form of allodynia or dysaesthesia.
  • Less frequently, some individuals have excruciating, continuous Pain with few or no stimulation.


Signs and Symptoms of the Thalamic Syndrome (Djerine-Roussy)

  • Unidentified physical Discomfort on one side of the body
  • Abnormal reaction to a typical stimulus, such as a mild touch to the skin, by feeling pain
  • Sensations of tingling on one side of the body
  • The sensation of being very heavy on one side of the body
  • Abnormal body temperature changes on one side
  • Thalamic Syndrome (Djerine-Roussy)-related Pain can occasionally be accompanied by anosognosia or somatoparaphrenia, which can lead a person who has had a right-sided stroke to deny having any left-side Paralysis when in fact they do, or to reject that the paralysed limb(s) belongs to them.
  • On one side of the body, a weakness that starts soon after the stroke may occasionally be present together with the condition.
  • While the remainder of the symptoms may be long-lasting, this weakness typically goes away with time.
  • The Thalamic Syndrome (Djerine-Roussy) sensory symptoms may appear suddenly after a stroke or gradually over the next weeks or months.


Symptoms
Unidentified physical Discomfort on one side of the body,Abnormal reaction to a typical stimulus, such as a mild touch to the skin, by feeling pain,Sensations of tingling on one side of the body,The sensation of being very heavy on one side of the body,Abnormal body temperature changes on one side
Conditions
Vision loss,Loss of balance occur (position sense),Infarction or tumor
Drugs
Anticonvulsants,Analgesic,Lidocaine

What are the causes for thalamic syndrome (dejerine roussy)?

Chronic central neuropathic pain is a feature of Thalamic Syndrome (Djerine-Roussy) (DRS), sometimes referred to as a thalamic syndrome, thalamic pain syndrome, chronic central pain, and central poststroke pain.

Causes ofThalamic Syndrome (Djerine-Roussy)

  • When the thalamus is damaged by a stroke, a disorder known as Thalamic Syndrome (Déjerine-Roussy). Thalamic lesions can result from ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.
  • Patients with Thalamic Syndrome (Déjerine-Roussy) have had a previous stroke and frequently, though not always, have thalamic lesions that cause completely incapacitating neuropathic pain.
  • It has been demonstrated that the relative volume of the spinothalamic pathway in Thalamic Syndrome (Déjerine-Roussy) patients is much smaller than that of controls, supporting the theory that the syndrome is a manifestation of spinothalamic dysfunction.
  • Thalamic Syndrome (Déjerine-Roussy) can occur in stroke patients with intact sensory processing, despite typically being associated with the need for dysesthesia, allodynia, and hyperalgesia.
  • patients can have Thalamic Syndrome (Déjerine-Roussy) with normal sensation, the chance of experiencing Thalamic Syndrome (Déjerine-Roussy) is considerably increased by the presence of early evoked pain or dysesthesia along with diminished cold or pinprick sensations.


Symptoms
Unidentified physical discomfort on one side of the body,Abnormal reaction to a typical stimulus, such as a mild touch to the skin, by feeling pain,Sensations of tingling on one side of the body,The sensation of being very heavy on one side of the body,Abnormal body temperature changes on one side
Conditions
Vision loss,Loss of balance occur (position sense),Infarction or tumor
Drugs
Anticonvulsants,Analgesic,Lidocaine

What are the treatments for thalamic syndrome (dejerine roussy)?

Although Thalamic Syndrome (Déjerine-Roussy) is frequently resistant to therapy, a variety of pharmacological and surgical therapeutic options, including thalamotomy and electrode stimulation, may be tried. Treatment for Thalamic Syndrome (Déjerine-Roussy) discomfort should be combined with general stroke care.

Treatments available for Thalamic Syndrome (Déjerine-Roussy)

Antidepressants and Morphine Pump:

  • Antidepressants, which are generally inexpensive, secure, and successful; anticonvulsants; and analgesic drugs like ibuprofen are among the treatments for the Thalamic Syndrome (Déjerine-Roussy) that are on the segment.
  • People who have severe instances receive powerful painkillers like morphine and methadone.
  • Wearing a gadget like a morphine pump can even be advantageous for certain people.
  • It may take some time to find the best pharmaceutical regimen.


Surgery:

  • There are other surgical possibilities as well, but neurosurgery should be the very last option.
  • Deep brain stimulation is a surgical procedure in which an electrode is inserted and stimulates the pain receptors.
  • A person's sense of pain can be reduced with deep brain stimulation.


Topical treatment:

  • Pain can be treated locally by applying a topical medication like lidocaine patches.
  • As a numbing agent, the chemical is deposited onto the skin and initially feels cool before warming up.
  • The selection of a qualified physician is crucial.
  • Some individuals connect well with their neurologist at their initial appointment.
  • Others must attend numerous appointments before finding someone who recognizes their discomfort and starts looking into potential treatment options.


Symptoms
Unidentified physical discomfort on one side of the body,Abnormal reaction to a typical stimulus, such as a mild touch to the skin, by feeling pain,Sensations of tingling on one side of the body,The sensation of being very heavy on one side of the body,Abnormal body temperature changes on one side
Conditions
Vision loss,Loss of balance occur (position sense),Infarction or tumor
Drugs
Anticonvulsants,Analgesic,Lidocaine

What are the risk factors for thalamic syndrome (dejerine roussy)?

After a thalamic stroke, which damages the thalamus, Thalamic Syndrome (Déjerine-Roussy) develops jn individuals. Thalamic lesions can result from ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. The Thalamic Syndrome (Déjerine-Roussy) is characterised by an imbalance in a sensation that results from the dissipation of the initial stroke symptoms (numbness and tingling).

Although there are some treatments, they are frequently pricey, chemically based, invasive, and only help patients for a short period of time before they require additional therapy (this is known as "refractory treatment.

Risk factors for Thalamic Syndrome (Déjerine-Roussy)

  • Although the type of pain varies considerably from patient to patient, it is frequently moderate to severe in intensity, can be either persistent or episodic, can be either spontaneous or triggered (for example, by cold stimuli), and may be accompanied by other sensory abnormalities (including both hyposensitivity and hypersensitivity).
  • According to the precise size and location of the thalamic lesion, the pain's location also varies greatly and may affect a large or a smaller area of the opposite body.
  • Furthermore, the timing of the pain's onset varies significantly between patients, with some stating it happened right away and others years after the stroke.
  • Thalamic Syndrome (Déjerine-Roussy) appears in about 25% of individuals with sensory strokes caused by thalamic damage.


Symptoms
Unidentified physical discomfort on one side of the body,Abnormal reaction to a typical stimulus, such as a mild touch to the skin, by feeling pain,Sensations of tingling on one side of the body,The sensation of being very heavy on one side of the body,Abnormal body temperature changes on one side
Conditions
Vision loss,Loss of balance occur (position sense),Infarction or tumor
Drugs
Anticonvulsants,Analgesic,Lidocaine

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