Abdominal adhesions are bands of tissue that form between abdominal tissues and organs. these vary from a consistency of wet tissue paper, which are of little significance, to a strong, fibrous band that can readily cause obstruction. Normally, internal tissues and organs have slippery surfaces, which allow them to shift easily as the body moves. Adhesions cause tissues and organs to stick together. The intestines are part of the diges  Read More

Abdominal migraine in children facts Abdominal migraine is believed to be a variant of migraine that is common in children but rare in adults. Abdominal migraine is characterized by pain in the center of the abdomen that may be severe. Symptoms can last for one hour or up to a several days. Nausea and vomiting may be associated with the pain. Sleep typically brings relief from abdominal mi  Read More

Abdominal pain can be felt in any part below the ribs to the pelvis. It is also termed stomach pain or tummy pain. Individuals can get relief from abdominal pain by taking certain pills.TreatmentYes, abdominal pain is curable. If it is a gastric pain, medicines having simethicone such as Mylanta or Gas-X can help get rid of it.For esophageal reflux diseases and heartburn, antacid such as Zantac  Read More

Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS) is an extremely rare inherited disorder characterized by defects of the scalp and abnormalities of the fingers, toes, arms, and/or legs. The physical abnormalities associated with this disorder vary greatly among affected individuals. Some cases may be very mild while others may be severe. In infants with Adams-Oliver syndrome, scalp defects are present at birth (congenital) and may include one or multiple hairless  Read More

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome (RSDS), also known as complex regional pain syndrome, is a rare disorder of the sympathetic nervous system that is characterized by chronic, severe pain. The sympathetic nervous system is that part of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary functions of the body such as increasing heart rate, constricting blood vessels, and increasing blood pressure. Excessive or abnormal responses of porti  Read More

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome (RSDS), also known as complex regional pain syndrome, is a rare disorder of the sympathetic nervous system that is characterized by chronic, severe pain. The sympathetic nervous system is that part of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary functions of the body such as increasing heart rate, constricting blood vessels, and increasing blood pressure. Excessive or abnormal responses of porti  Read More

The appendix is a small, worm-like appendage attached to the colon. Appendicitis occurs when bacteria invade and infect the wall of the appendix. The most common complications of appendicitis are rupture, abscess, and peritonitis. The most common signs and symptoms of appendicitis are: abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, fever, and abdominal tenderne  Read More

Arachnitis is a pain disorder caused by the inflammation of the arachnoid, one of the membranes that surround and protect the nerves of the spinal cord.Severe stinging, a "burning" pain, and neurological problems characterize the condition.Inflammation (swelling) of the arachnoid can lead to the formation of scar tissue and can cause the spinal nerves to stick together and malfunction.Arachnitis i  Read More

Arachnoiditis is a pain disorder caused by the inflammation of the arachnoid, one of the membranes that surround and protect the nerves of the spinal cord. It is characterized by severe stinging, "burning pain", and neurological problems.  Read More

Dengue Fever is an acute viral infection characterized by fever. It is caused by a bite from mosquitoes carrying dengue virus. The primary form of Dengue Fever is characterized by a skin rash and a high fever with severe pain in the head and muscles. Other symptoms may include shaking chills, diarrhea, and vomiting. Bouts of extreme exhaustion may last for months after the initial symptoms.The secondary forms of this disorder are c  Read More

Buerger's disease symptoms include: Pain that may come and go in your legs and feet or in your arms and hands. This pain may occur when you use your hands or feet and eases when you stop that activity (claudication), or when you're at rest Inflammation along a vein just below the skin's surface (due to a blood clot in the vein) Fingers and toes that turn pale when exposed to cold (Raynaud's phenomenon)  Read More

A bursa is a thin fluid-filled sac that reduces friction forces between tissues of the body. Chronic (repeated or long-standing) inflammation of the bursa (bursitis) can lead to calcification of the bursa. This is referred to as "calcific bursitis." The calcium deposits (calcification) can occur as long as the inflammation is present and remain after it has resolved. Calcific bursitis occurs most commonly at the shoulder (in the bursa adjacent  Read More

Camurati-Engelmann disease is a rare genetic disorder characterized by progressive widening and malformation of the shafts of the long bones (diaphyseal dysplasia). Major symptoms may include bone pain, particularly in the legs; skeletal abnormalities; and/or weakness and underdevelopment (hypoplasia) of various muscles. Pain and weakness of the leg muscles may result in an unusual "waddling" walk (gait). Camurati-Engelmann disease is inherite  Read More

Claudication is pain and/or cramping in the lower leg due to inadequate blood flow to the muscles. The pain usually causes the person to limp. The word "claudication" comes from the Latin "claudicare" meaning to limp. Claudication typically is felt while walking and subsides with rest. It is commonly referred to as "intermittent" claudication because it comes and goes with exertion and rest. In severe claudication, the pain is also felt at res  Read More

Cluster headache is pain that occurs along one side of the head. It's frequently described as pain that occurs around, behind, or above the eye and along the temple in cyclic patterns or clusters. The pain of a cluster headache is very severe. Many patients describe a “drilling” type of sensation. For classification as a true cluster headache, associated autonomic features such as tearing/watering of the eye, redness of the conjunc  Read More

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I - CPT I deficiency is a condition that prevents the body from using certain fats for energy, particularly during periods without food (fasting). The severity of this condition varies among affected individuals.Signs and symptoms of CPT I deficiency often appear during early childhood.Affected individuals usually have low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) and a low level of ketones  Read More

Cytomegalovirus infection (CMV) is a viral infection that rarely causes obvious illness. The virus that causes CMV is part of the herpes virus family and, like other herpes viruses, may become dormant for a period of time and then be reactivated. CMV affects young children mainly, but it is estimated that by age 30 in the United States, half of all adults are, or have been, infected. The virus can pass from an infected, pregnant mother to her  Read More

Symptoms of de Quervain's tenosynovitis include: Pain near the base of your thumb Swelling near the base of your thumb Difficulty moving your thumb and wrist when you're doing something that involves grasping or pinching A "sticking" or "stop-and-go" sensation in your thumb when moving it If the condition goes too long without treatment, the pain may spread further into your thumb, b  Read More

Central pain syndrome is a neurological disorder caused by damage to the central nervous system (CNS). Common symptoms include pain and loss of sensation, usually in the face, arms and/or legs. Pain is often constant and can be mild, moderate, or severe in intensity. Affected individuals may become hypersensitive to painful stimuli. The specific type of pain experience can vary from one individual to another based, in part, upon the underlying  Read More

Brachial plexus palsy, also known as Erb's palsy, is a paralysis or weakness of the arm caused by an injury to one or more nerves that control and supply the muscles of the shoulder and upper extremities (upper brachial plexus). It is more commonly seen in newborns (neonates) and is often the result of a difficult delivery. When it occurs in adults, the cause typically is an injury that has caused stretching, tearing or other trauma to the bra  Read More

Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder characterized by a deficiency of the enzyme ferrochelatase (FECH). Due to abnormally low levels of this enzyme, excessive amounts of protoporphyrin accumulate in the bone marrow, blood plasma, and red blood cells. The major symptom of this disorder is hypersensitivity of the skin to sunlight and some types of artificial light, such as fluorescent lights (photosensitivit  Read More

Cryptococcosis is caused by a fungus known as Cryptococcosis neoformans. The infection may be spread to humans through contact with pigeon droppings or unwashed raw fruit. Contact with an infected individual may also spread the infection. Individuals with disorders characterized by lowered immunity (for instance, HIV infection) are at high risk for contracting these infections.Cryptococcosis may appear in various forms depending on  Read More

Symptoms of fibromyalgia include: Widespread pain. The pain associated with fibromyalgia often is described as a constant dull ache that has lasted for at least three months. To be considered widespread, the pain must occur on both sides of your body and above and below your waist. Fatigue. People with fibromyalgia often awaken tired, even though they report sleeping for long periods o  Read More

You'll need nothing more than rest and plenty of fluids to treat flu. But if you have a severe infection or are at higher risk of complications, your doctor may prescribe an antiviral drug to treat the flu. The flu treatment you should take depends on your symptoms.Nasal or sinus congestion: These are common symptoms of flu, and to treat this condition, a decongestant can be helpful. Decongestants come in oral or n  Read More

Medications and therapies can help reduce foot pain. Common choices include:Physical therapy: Physical therapy is an important part of foot pain management. For pain caused by inflammation following a physical injury to the foot, an ice pack applied immediately after the incident can help, as it brings down the inflammation. Heat packs can be used to reduce swelling and pain for patients with arthritis and similar conditions.  Read More

Friedreich's Ataxia is a genetic, progressive, neurologic movement disorder that typically becomes apparent before adolescence. Initial symptoms may include unsteady posture, frequent falling, and progressive difficulties walking due to an impaired ability to coordinate voluntary movements (ataxia). Affected individuals may also develop abnormalities of certain reflexes; characteristic foot deformities; increasing incoordination of the arms an  Read More

Gout (gouty arthritis), a rheumatological disease, can be cured.Gout is characterized by painful redness and swelling of the affected joints that occurs through the deposition of uric acid crystals in joints as a result of hyperuricemia.Gout is an extremely painful and incapacitating disease but is extremely treatable in almost all patients.It is important to identify and treat it early to avoid p  Read More

Behcet's syndrome is a rare multisystem inflammatory disorder characterized by ulcers affecting the mouth and genitals, various skin lesions, and abnormalities affecting the eyes. Symptoms include mucous membrane lesions of the mouth (canker sores) and genitals (ulcers) that tend to disappear and recur spontaneously. Inflammation of the eyes (anterior uveitis, posterior uveitis, or panuveitis) also affects individuals with Behcet's syndrome. A  Read More

The hereditary sensory neuropathies (HSN) include 4-6 similar but distinct inherited degenerative disorders of the nervous system (neurodegenerative) that frequently progress to loss of feeling, especially in the hands and feet. The classification of these diseases is complicated, and sometimes a source of disagreement among the experts. Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IV (HSN4) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the lo  Read More

Although there are some common themes recognizable in the main types of LGMD, the age at onset, severity, and progression of symptoms associated with LGMD may vary greatly from case to case, even among members of the same family. Some cases of LGMD may have onset during adulthood, mild symptoms, and slow progression; others may have onset during childhood and early severe disability such as difficulty climbing stairs and walking. Some individu  Read More

Signs and symptoms of liver disease include: Skin and eyes that appear yellowish (jaundice) Abdominal pain and swelling Swelling in the legs and ankles Itchy skin Dark urine color Pale stool color, or bloody or tar-colored stool Chronic fatigue Nausea or vomiting Loss of appetite Tendency to bruise easily When to see a doct  Read More

Low back pain facts Functions of the low back, or lumbar area, include structural support, movement, and protection of certain body tissues. Pain in the low back can be a result of conditions affecting the bony lumbar spine, discs between the vertebrae, ligaments around the spine and discs, spinal cord and nerves, muscles of the low back, internal organs of the pelvis and abdomen, and the skin covering the lumbar area.  Read More

Depending on the cause, low back pain can cause a range of symptoms. The pain may be dull or sharp. It may be in one small area or over a broad area. You may have muscle spasms. Low back pain can also cause leg symptoms, such as pain, numbness, or tingling, often extending below the knee. A rare but serious problem called cauda equina syndrome can occur if the nerves at the end of the spinal cord are squeezed. Seek emergency tr  Read More

The majority of people with lumbar spinal stenosis are 50 and older. Spinal stenosis is a condition where a narrowing of the canal in your spinal column takes place. Nothing can cure it, but you can take steps to lead an active life on your own and with your doctor's advice.Cure or medication available for the Lumbar Spinal StenosisOver-the-counter Painkillers: For spinal stenosis, over-the-counter (OTC) m  Read More

Erythromelalgia is a rare condition that primarily affects the feet and, less commonly, the hands (extremities). It is characterized by intense, burning pain of affected extremities, severe redness (erythema), and increased skin temperature that may be episodic or almost continuous in nature. (The prefix "erythro-" denotes redness, "mel-" is a combining form meaning limb or limbs, and the suffix "-algia" indicates pain.) Although erythromelalg  Read More

Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is a rare acquired neurological disorder characterized by progressive muscle stiffness (rigidity) and repeated episodes of painful muscle spasms. Muscular rigidity often fluctuates (i.e., grows worse and then improves) and usually occurs along with the muscle spasms. Spasms may occur randomly or be triggered by a variety of different events including a sudden noise or light physical contact. In most cases, other neu  Read More

Typically, there's no outward sign of this condition, such as a lump. Instead, you may experience the following symptoms: A feeling as if you're standing on a pebble in your shoe A burning pain in the ball of your foot that may radiate into your toes Tingling or numbness in your toes When to see a doctor It's best not to ignore any foot pain that lasts longer than a few days. See you  Read More

A joint sprain is the overstretching or tearing of ligaments. Ligaments are the bands of tissue that connect two bones together in a joint. The most common location for a sprain is the ankle joint. A joint strain is the overstretching or tearing of muscles or tendons. Tendons are the dense fibrous cords of tissue that connect bones to muscles. The most common locations for a muscle strain are the hamstring muscle and the lower back.  Read More

Myofascial pain syndrome facts Muscle pain, tenderness, and spasm are characteristics of myofascial pain syndrome. Myofascial pain syndrome typically affects muscle in asymmetric areas of the body. The precise cause of myofascial pain syndrome is not known. Myofascial pain syndrome leads to localized pain in the muscle tissue. Poor sleep, fatigue, and stiffness are common in myofascial pai  Read More

Neuropathic pain is a pain condition that’s usually chronic. It’s usually caused by chronic, progressive nerve disease, and it can also occur as the result of injury or infection. If you have chronic neuropathic pain, it can flare up at any time without an obvious pain-inducing event or factor. Acute neuropathic pain, while uncommon, can occur as well. Typically, non-neuropathic pain (nociceptive pain) is due to an  Read More

The quality of the pain can vary based on where it’s located. Bone pain may be dull, sharp, stabbing, or deep. It’s typically more uncomfortable than muscle or tendon pain. Muscle pain can be intense and short-lived if it’s caused by a cramp or powerful muscle contraction, commonly called a  Read More

Phelan-McDermid syndrome is a rare chromosomal disorder in which a portion of the long arm (q) of chromosome 22 is missing (deleted or monosomic). Although the range and severity of symptoms may vary, Phelan-McDermid syndrome is generally thought to be characterized by low muscle tone, normal to accelerated growth, absent to severely delayed speech, moderate to profound mental retardation, and minor dysmorphic features. A rare number of cases  Read More

Pseudogout most commonly affects the knees. Less often, wrists and ankles are involved. In many cases, there are no symptoms. However, during a pseudogout attack, the affected joints are usually: Swollen Warm Severely painful When to see a doctor Make an appointment with your doctor if you have sudden, intense joint pain and swelling.  Read More

Infectious arthritis is an inflammation of one or more joints that occurs as a result of infection by bacteria, viruses or, less frequently, fungi or parasites. The symptoms of Infectious arthritis depend upon which agent has caused the infection but symptoms often include fever, chills, general weakness, and headaches, followed by inflammation and painful swelling of one or more joints of the body.Most often, the infection begins  Read More

RSD occurs in the extremities. It most commonly affects the upper limbs, but it’s possible to get it in your lower limbs as well. Specifically, you may experience RSD in your: hands fingers arms shoulders legs hips knees Symptoms include: stiffness discomfort pain or burning sensation swelling  Read More

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome (RSDS), also known as complex regional pain syndrome, is a rare disorder of the sympathetic nervous system that is characterized by chronic, severe pain. The sympathetic nervous system is that part of the autonomic nervous system that regulates involuntary functions of the body such as increasing heart rate, constricting blood vessels, and increasing blood pressure. Excessive or abnormal responses of porti  Read More

Symptoms of scapuloperoneal myopathy primarily include muscle weakness and wasting usually limited to muscles in the shoulder blade and girdle area and the legs below the knees. This disorder can begin in childhood or adulthood. The progression rate and severity may vary greatly, with some cases progressing more quickly than others. In most cases, the progression is slow. The shoulder muscles are affected first, in most cases. In some  Read More

If you have shin splints, you might notice tenderness, soreness or pain along the inner side of your shinbone and mild swelling in your lower leg. At first, the pain might stop when you stop exercising. Eventually, however, the pain can be continuous and might progress to a stress reaction or stress fracture. When to see a doctor Consult your doctor if rest, ice and over-the-counter pain relievers don't ease your shin pain.  Read More

Cervical dystonia, also known as spasmodic torticollis, is a rare neurological disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions in the neck that cause abnormal movements and postures of the neck and head. In some cases, these abnormal contractions may be sustained or continuous; in others, they may be present as spasms that can resemble tremor. The severity of cervical dystonia can vary, but the disorder can cause significant pain and  Read More

Friedreich's Ataxia is a genetic, progressive, neurologic movement disorder that typically becomes apparent before adolescence. Initial symptoms may include unsteady posture, frequent falling, and progressive difficulties walking due to an impaired ability to coordinate voluntary movements (ataxia). Affected individuals may also develop abnormalities of certain reflexes; characteristic foot deformities; increasing incoordination of the arms an  Read More

There is no way to repair spinal cord injury. However, researchers are constantly developing novel treatments, including prostheses and drugs, that may accelerate nerve cell renewal or improve the condition of the nerves that survive a spinal cord injury.Medications: In the past, methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) injected through an arm vein (IV) was utilized as a therapeutic option for an acute spinal cord injury.  Read More

The disorder known as Spinal Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis causes the tendons and ligaments to stiffen. This specific form of arthritis. Reduced mobility, stiffness, and soreness are possible effects of this syndrome. Physical therapy, surgery, medicines, and the application of heat all have a role in managing DISH.Diagnosis available for Spinal Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal HyperA comprehensiv  Read More

Spinal headache symptoms include: Dull, throbbing pain that varies in intensity from mild to incapacitating Pain that typically gets worse when you sit up or stand and decreases or goes away when you lie down Spinal headaches are often accompanied by: Dizziness Ringing in the ears (tinnitus) Hearing loss Blurred or double vision Nausea Nec  Read More

Werdnig-Hoffmann disease, also known as spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (SMA1), is a hereditary neuromuscular condition that damages the nerve cells that regulate voluntary muscles.Without therapy, SMA1 symptoms, which include increased muscle weakness and poor muscle tone as a result of the death of lower motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain stem, become visible before the age of six months.Breathing  Read More

Spinal muscular atrophy type iii, a rare hereditary disorder characterised by the progressive loss of motor neurons-the nerve cells that regulate voluntary movement-causes muscle weakness and wasting. Type 3 is a milder type of SMA.Although there is currently no cure for SMA type 3, since 2016 there have been medicines that can delay or even stop the disease's main forms from progressing.Treatment:  Read More

Spinocerebellar ataxia is hereditary ataxia that is categorized into hundreds of different forms depending on accompanying abnormalities other than ataxia.Aside from the usual movement and balance issues associated with ataxia, persons with this disorder often have weakness and lack of sensation, and certain forms lead to difficulty with eye motions.Spinocerebellar ataxia symptoms might appear at any age.  Read More

Spondylolisthesis facts Spondylolisthesis is a forward or backward slippage of one vertebra on an adjacent vertebra. Causes of spondylolisthesis include trauma, degenerative, tumor, and birth defects. Symptoms of spondylolisthesis include lower back or leg pain, hamstring tightness, numbness and tingling in the legs. The diagnosis of spondylolisthesis is ba  Read More

Succinylpurinemic autism can be treated through epilepsy control with anticonvulsive medications. In addition, the following choices are available:Administration of D-ribose and Uridine: Only a few notifications of therapeutic considerations and attempts exist. Only two of them had some positive benefits (D-ribose and uridine administration). D-ribose injection has been used in a few ADSL patients to enhance the su  Read More

Central pain syndrome is a neurological disorder caused by damage to the central nervous system (CNS). Common symptoms include pain and loss of sensation, usually in the face, arms and/or legs. Pain is often constant and can be mild, moderate, or severe in intensity. Affected individuals may become hypersensitive to painful stimuli. The specific type of pain experience can vary from one individual to another based, in part, upon the underlying  Read More

Central pain syndrome is a neurological disorder caused by damage to the central nervous system (CNS). Common symptoms include pain and loss of sensation, usually in the face, arms and/or legs. Pain is often constant and can be mild, moderate, or severe in intensity. Affected individuals may become hypersensitive to painful stimuli. The specific type of pain experience can vary from one individual to another based, in part, upon the underlying  Read More

Trigeminal neuralgia, also known as tic douloureux, is a disorder of the fifth cranial nerve (trigeminal nerve) characterized by attacks of intense, stabbing pain affecting the mouth, cheek, nose, and/or other areas on one side of the face. The exact cause of trigeminal neuralgia is not fully understood.  Read More

The signs, symptoms and characteristics of uveitis include: Eye redness Eye pain Light sensitivity Blurred vision Dark, floating spots in your field of vision (floaters) Decreased vision Symptoms may occur suddenly and get worse quickly, though in some cases, they develop gradually. They may affect one or both eyes. The uvea is the middle layer of tissue i  Read More

A spinal ankylosis caused by ligamentous ossification without major disc disease or facet joint involvement is referred to as ankylosing hyperostosis of the spine (AHS), also known as Forestier's disease or Vertebral Ankylosing Hyperostosis.Treatments for Vertebral Ankylosing HyperostosisVertebral Ankylosing Hyperostosis is incurable; however, there are things you can do to lessen discomfort and stiffne  Read More

Congenital wandering spleen is a very rare, randomly distributed birth defect characterized by the absence or weakness of one or more of the ligaments that hold the spleen in its normal position in the upper left abdomen. The disorder is not genetic in origin. Instead of ligaments, the spleen is attached by a stalk-like tissue supplied with blood vessels (vascular pedicle). If the pedicle is twisted in the course of the movement of the spleen,  Read More